Osseointegrating and phase-oriented micro-arc-oxidized titanium dioxide bone implants

Here, we present a bone implant system of phase-oriented titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) fabricated by the micro-arc oxidation method (MAO) on ?-Ti to facilitate improved osseointegration. This (101) rutile-phase-dominant MAO TiO (R-TiO is biocompatible due its high surface roughness, bone-mimetic structure, and preferential crystalline orientation. Furthermore, R-TiO possesses active abundant hydroxyl groups that play significant role in enhancing hydroxyapatite formation cell adhesion promote activity leading The implants had been elicited their favorable cellular behavior vitro previous publications; addition, they exhibit excellent shear strength bone–implant contact, osteogenesis, tissue vivo. Hence, it can be concluded this provides for efficient osseointegration suitable clinical applications.